Ministry of Health and Social Services

 

Brief Review of the Year 2001

 

 

1.       The Main Health Challenges during 2001

 

HIV/AIDS cases further increased. By the end of September 2001 there were 90,000 HIV/AIDS cases (positive tests) in Namibia (cumulative since the beginning of the epidemic in the country). Also, the number of hospitalisations has increased compared to the previous year (in some hospitals up to 50 % of beds were occupied with HIV/AIDS related cases). Furthermore, the number of maternal deaths compounded by HIV/AIDS has continued to increase.

 

A very severe malaria epidemic occurred from April to July in the North-West regions, with focus on Oshikoto.

 

A potentially devastating meningitis outbreak took place in Khomas and Ohangwena during July and August.

 

 

2.       The Main Achievements

 

2.1.          Health services

 

Fight against AIDS: The National AIDS Committee was established and met for the first time during the year. It endorsed three policies, namely: National Policy on HIV/AIDS in Namibia; HIV/AIDS Counseling Policy, and Home and Community-based Care Policy. Co-ordination of the response was further strengthened through regular meetings of NAMACOC, the multi-sectoral AIDS Committee, which met three times during the year. Regional AIDS Coordinating Committees were further strengthened and regional AIDS coordinators were appointed. In addition, HIV counselors training, and house-to-house community counselors training took place in three regions. The ministry has further progressed in its preparations for the launch of a Comprehensive Prevention of Mother-to-Child-Transmission programme. Outside of the ministry, but strongly supported by it, the first Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center has been opened by the Council of Churches, and the community-based organisation Lironga Eparu, which supports people living with AIDS, has been launched in various centers of the country. 

 

The Malaria epidemic in the North was successfully brought under control, which required the relocation of staff and many other resources on an emergency basis.

 

Very successful meningitis vaccination campaigns were held in Khomas and Ohangwena, which brought the outbreak of meningitis under control within a very short time.

 

National Immunisation Days (NID’s) were once again successfully completed with coverage ranging between 70 and over 90 percent in some regions.

 

Vitamin A supplementation coverage during NID’s reached 86.3%.

 

The World Health Organisation declared Namibia Neonatal Tetanus – free;

 

Also, the leprosy prevalence in Namibia has been reduced to WHO certified level of elimination (less than 0.1/1,000).

 

Tuberculosis: The treatment success rate has reached 70% and the incidence of multi-drug resistance was below 5%.

 

Outreach and community-based health care (CBHC): Existing mobile outreach services were strengthened through the allocation of new vehicles to certain districts, e.g. Engela, Katima Mulilo, Opuwo, Mariental, Omaruru, Windhoek;

 

Community based health care was strengthened, particularly in Omaheke region, where training of Community Based Resource Persons was done very successfully. Also, the development of a training manual for Traditional Birth Attendants was completed.

 

Water and sanitation: construction of more than 100 VIP latrines in Otjozondjupa and Kunene regions took place.

 

Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses was introduced in six pilot districts;

 

Health Promoting Schools Initiative: a Memorandum of Understanding was signed with MoBE; the Initiative was launched in various regions, e.g. Khomas had 53 schools certified as health-promoting schools;

 

Community Eye Care Programme: Surgical camps were held in Kunene, Omusati/Oshana, and Caprivi/Kavango; a total of 494 patients were operated on (cataracts removed) and had their vision restored;

 

Patient Care: Improvements, particularly in medical care, through the introduction of weekly joint “academic” ward rounds by doctors in all hospitals, were achieved.

 

Nursing care  was strengthened through the establishment of infection control committees in various hospitals. Also, the Patient Charter has been translated into all local languages.

 

Pharmaceutical Services: A very successful Pharmacy Week was held during March to promote the public’s awareness of the appropriate use of drugs. The notification for retention of registration of medicines registered before Independence was published. Based on this, the medicines register is currently being compiled. The  National Drug Control Commission has been established. Extensive renovations of the Central Medical Store have commenced.

 

Quality Improvement: The Committee on Patient Care and Infrastructure Management was put in place under the leadership of the Honourable Deputy Minister. It visited all regions and districts during the year and brought many challenges and problems to the attention of the relevant managers.

 

 

2.2.          Developmental Social Welfare Services:

 

The First National Orphans and Vulnerable Children Conference was held in May. A steering committee to coordinate further development of this programme was put in place at that occasion.

 

A national workshop on the Protection of Women and Children was successfully held.

 

A country-wide poster competition on Drug Abuse took place and calendars containing Substance Abuse Prevention messages were distributed.

 

A new Funeral Death Benefit Scheme was introduced for all registered pensioners and received wide acclaim from the public.

 

 

2.3.          General Management Services:

 

Policy development: Policies for various programmes, including Orthopaedic Technical Services, Reproductive Health, Mental Health, and Guidelines on Infant and Young Child Feeding were finalised.

 

Construction or renovation of facilities: A large number of clinics were renovated or constructed, including Ruacana and Olukonda in the North, Noordoewer in the South, Eiseb and Omitara in the East, and Henties Bay and Hakhaseb in the West. District hospital upgrading continued in places like Oshikuku, Kongo, Tsumeb, Okakarara, Khorixas, and Karasburg. Construction and renovation at all four referral hospitals continued. The Rundu hospital renovations, and the new OPD and Casualty Departments at Oshakati were completed. Social Welfare facilities were constructed in form of a new National Rehabilitation and Treatment Centre (Etegameno) in Brakwater and a Multi-purpose Youth Centre in Walvis Bay.

 

Strategic Planning: The ministry’s contribution to NDP2 (HIV/AIDS chapter, Health chapter and Social Welfare chapter) was finalised during the year. Strategic plans were compiled by various regions based on NDP2. A Modeling exercise on the future impact of AIDS was completed and the first report of the working group was released. The ministry actively participated in the GRN initiative to compile Vision 2030.

 

Research: The Namibia Demographic and Health Survey 2000 data-entry and analysis was completed and the preliminary report was finalised.

 

HIS: the revised Health Information System was introduced in all facilities and launched in January 2001.

 

Intersectoral Collaboration: participation of regional MoHSS staff in Regional Development Committees was strengthened. There was also increasing co-operation of the various sectors at regional level through the Regional AIDS Coordinating Committees (RACOCs).

 

Decentralisation: besides further deconcentration of authority within the ministry, agreement was reached on the specific subfunctions, which will be the first to be decentralised (eventually devolved) to the Regional Councils (community-based health care, sanitation, social allowance administration).

 

Regulation: Licensing of private hospitals and health facilities continued routinely during the year. Two authorisations for the establishment of new private hospitals were issued as follows: for a new private thoracic surgery hospital in Windhoek, and for a new private general hospital in the Oshakati/Ongwediva area. Under the existing statute, the Registrar of the Council of Health and Social Service Professions successfully coordinated the election and establishment of the new Optometric Board. Furthermore, a Joint Complementary Health Professions Board and a Joint Allied Health Professions Board were established.

 

Legislation: various Bills were taken forward: the Medicines Control Bill and Atomic Energy Bill were approved by Cabinet for submission by the Hon. Minister to Parliament during 2002; the draft of the Medical, Dental and Pharmacy Professions Council Bill was finalised; the following drafts were further refined: Nursing Council Bill, Social Workers Council Bill, Allied Health Professions Council Bill, Traditional Healers Council Bill, as well as the draft Public Health and Mental Health Bills, and the Older Persons Bill, National Welfare Bill, and Child Care and Protection Bill.

 

 

2.4.          Functional and Technical Support Services:

 

Human Resource/Personnel Management: the review of the staff establishment and restructuring exercise was completed and the finalised establishment submitted to the PSC; new personnel manuals for managers and for staff members were launched; the personnel function was further decentralised and a number of new personnel offices were established in the regions;

 

Human Resource Development: A feasibility study for the commencement of a Pre-medical/pharmacy training programme at the University of Namibia was completed. Based on the study it was decided that as from 2002 UNAM will accept 35 students into this two-year course. Those, who complete this course successfully, will then be in a position to obtain acceptance to medical training programmes at universities in South Africa. In addition, during 2001 a total number of 20 Namibian medical students commenced their training at universities abroad. Furthermore, 187 students graduated from the ministry’s National Health Training Centre and Regional Training Centres as enrolled nurses, environmental health assistants, orthopaedic technicians, radiographic assistants, and pharmacist’s assistants.

 

Financial management: the ministry received a budget of over N$ 1,3 Billion for the fiscal year 2001/2002 budget. Indications are good that the ministry will be able to stay within the operational budget amount for the fiscal year. However, disbursements on the development budget have been slow. With regard to financial management, there were clear improvements after earlier difficulties related to the processing of payments; also, the various finance subfunctions were further streamlined, including budgeting and budget control, revenue collection and the processing of S&T claims.

 

Facility maintenance: an extensive situation analysis was executed and a workshop on policy development for improved facility management was successfully completed.

 

Equipment management: various initiatives during the year included an increase in the recruitment of technical staff, the upgrading of the Windhoek workshop and the establishment of a clinical workshop in Keetmanshoop, the launching of two mobile workshops, and the compilation of an equipment user guideline.

 

Information Technology: further progress was achieved in making more districts and regions accessible by email; the procurement of a new telephone exchange for the ministry head office and the Windhoek hospitals was also finalised.

 

Transport: around 40 vehicles, including heavy duty ambulances, were procured and distributed to the various operational units. The vehicle accident rate decreased markedly during the year.

 

 

3.                 Main Setbacks and Challenges:

 

HIV/AIDS remains the largest challenge both to the ministry and to the nation as a whole.

 

There is great need to further improve patient care, both in terms of medical services, nursing care and the ready availability of appropriate drugs, medical supplies and health care technology.

 

Medical equipment: the ministry continued to experience difficulties in adequately replacing obsolete health care equipment. According to the latest equipment inventary, it is estimated that health care technology to the total value of around N$ 150 Million requires immediate replacement. To arrange funding for this initiative remains a challenge for 2002.

 

The improvement of the management of information technology and the extension of the IT system to cover all districts and regions requires increased attention.  

 

Constraints were continued to be experienced with regard to the relatively slow process of reviewing, drafting and clearing of relevant new legislation before final submission to Parliament.

 

 

4.                 Outlook:

 

The national response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic will require further streamlining and strengthening of the multisectoral approach as part of a larger smart partnership between all the sectors in the Namibian economy. The launching of the prevention of mother to child transmission programme (PMTCT) early in the new year will introduce a new public health intervention that will reduce the HIV infection rate amongst infants and introduce the treatment of HIV positive mothers.

 

Medical services will be further extended in the new year. A number of clinics will be upgraded to health centers. With the arrival of a large contingent of medical and other personnel from Cuba early in the new year, the ministry will be in a position to place medical doctors in all health centers. This will make medical services more accessible to the general population.

 

The new staff establishment will be introduced during the fiscal year 2002/2003. This will entail the introduction of a more rational organisational structure at the ministry’s head office. It will also include the phasing-out of the current four regional directorates, and will strengthen the health and social welfare offices in each of the 13 political regions.

 

Given the 3 year rolling budget as contained in the Medium Term Expenditure Framework, which was approved by Parliament during April 2001, and taking into account the fiscal framework for 2002/2003 as elaborated by the Ministry of Finance during November, it may be expected that the next financial year will not be an easy one for the ministry. It may particularly be anticipated that the national inflation rate and the drastic devaluation of the South African Rand (and with it the N$) will exert considerable pressure on the relatively small proportion of finance available for important goods and other services, including drugs, medical supplies and new health care technology.  

 

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Compiled from Directorate’s submissions by:

Dr. Norbert Forster

Under Secretary: Policy Development and Resource Management

2001/12/20